Dental and Medical Problems

Dent Med Probl
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Dental and Medical Problems

2018, vol. 55, nr 4, October-December, p. 419–424

doi: 10.17219/dmp/99051

Publication type: review

Language: English

License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0)

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The role of vitamin D in the human body with a special emphasis on dental issues: Literature review

Rola witaminy D w organizmie ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem jej znaczenia w patologiach jamy ustnej – przegląd piśmiennictwa

Maciej Krawiec1,A,B,C,D, Marzena Dominiak1,A,E,F

1 Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland

Abstract

The aim of the study was to review the current literature on the role of vitamin D in dentistry. The term vitamin D is defined as a group of compounds which are cholesterol derivatives with a similar chemical structure. It is produced in the human body and passes through many stages of synthesis. Vitamin D affects our body through the immune, muscular, nervous, and cardiovascular systems. It is also relevant in dentistry and in the carbohydrate metabolism. Nowadays, vitamin D deficiency levels are high in both the Polish and the world population as a whole. This is due to many factors: latitude, diseases and lifestyle. The data shows that over 90% of people of color (black, Latino, Asian, etc.) and nearly 3/4 of whites living in the United States suffer from a shortage of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH) vitamin D). Meanwhile, studies performed in Poland report that a concentration of vitamin D <20 ng/mL (50 nmol/mL) occurs in 70% of the population. Preliminary reports suggest that vitamin D, through the maintenance of normal bone metabolism, as well as its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity, modulates periodontal disease. A normal level of vitamin D is important in the treatment of periodontitis. More and more studies are focusing on the problem of vitamin D deficiency and its role in the human body. It is very important to maintain normal levels of vitamin D in the blood and supplement it in the case of shortfalls.

Key words

periodontitis, vitamin D, vitamin D deficiency, calcitriol

Słowa kluczowe

zapalenie przyzębia, witamina D, niedobór witaminy D, kalcytriol

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