Dental and Medical Problems

Dent Med Probl
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ISSN 2300-9020 (online)
Periodicity – quarterly

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Dental and Medical Problems

2013, vol. 50, nr 2, April-June, p. 145–151

Publication type: editorial article

Language: English

A New Approach for Genetic Factors Influencing Periodontitis

Nowości dotyczące czynników genetycznych zapalenia przyzębia

Grzegorz Szparecki1,A,D,E, Martyna Czerkies2,B,E, Andrzej Miskiewicz3,B,D,E

1 Department of Pathology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland

2 Department of Orthodontics, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland

3 Department of Periodontology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland

Abstract

Periodontitis is a variety of conditions which affect the tissues surrounding the tooth. The pathological process results from a distortion of balance between dental plaque bacteria and immunological system of the host. Moreover, the onset and the course of periodontitis are modulated by the impact of genetic mechanisms mutually with risk factors. Genetic influence on the periodontitis might be divided into the following groups: single nucleotide polymorphisms: Il-1β and CD14 receptor; inherited immunodeficiencies: benign familial neutropenia, leukocyte adhesion deficiency, Chediak-Higashi syndrome, Kostmann disease; connective tissues disorders: keratoderma, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, hypophosphatasia, Marfan syndrome and familial immunodeficiencies.

Streszczenie

Zapalenie przyzębia jest dużą grupą schorzeń tkanek podtrzymujących ząb. Proces patologiczny wynika z zaburzenia stanu dynamicznej równowagi między bakteriami zasiedlającymi płytkę nazębną a układem immunologicznym gospodarza. Ponadto początek oraz przebieg zapalenia przyzębia jest modulowany przez wpływ współwystępujących czynników ryzyka oraz wiele mechanizmów genetycznych. Wpływ czynników genetycznych na etiopatogenezę zapalenia klasyfikuje się następująco: polimorfizm pojedynczych nukloetydów: IL -1β oraz receptora CD14; wrodzone niedobory odporności: rodzinna neutropenia, zespół zaburzonej adhezji leukocytów, zespół Chediaka-Higashiego, choroba Kostmanna; zaburzenia tkanki łącznej: keratoderma, zespół Ehlersa-Danlosa, hipofosfatazja, zespół Marfana oraz dziedziczne zespoły zaburzonej odporności.

Key words

single nucleotide polymorphisms, benign familial neutropenia, leukocyte adhesion deficiency, Down syndrome

Słowa kluczowe

polimorfizm pojedynczych nukleotydów, rodzinna neutropenia, zespół zaburzonej adhezji leukocytów, zespół Downa

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