Dental and Medical Problems

Dent Med Probl
Index Copernicus (ICV 2021) – 132.50
MEiN – 70 pts
CiteScore (2021) – 2.0
JCI (2021) – 0.5
Average rejection rate (2022) – 79.69%
ISSN 1644-387X (print)
ISSN 2300-9020 (online)
Periodicity – quarterly

Download original text (EN)

Dental and Medical Problems

Ahead of print

doi: 10.17219/dmp/154777

Publication type: original article

Language: English

License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0)

Download citation:

  • BIBTEX (JabRef, Mendeley)
  • RIS (Papers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero)

Cite as:


Dejak B, Bołtacz-Rzepkowska E. Mechanism of enamel damage in the grooves of molars during mastication [published online as ahead of print on February 20, 2023]. Dent Med Probl. doi:10.17219/dmp/154777

Mechanism of enamel damage in the grooves of molars during mastication

Beata Dejak1,A,B,C,D,E,F, Elżbieta Bołtacz-Rzepkowska2,D,F

1 Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, Poland

2 Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, Poland

Abstract

Background. During mastication, molars are subjected to heavy stress. However, a full explanation of the effects of physiological loads on tooth structures is lacking.
Objectives. The study aimed to determine stress in molars and identify the mechanism of enamel damage in the grooves of the teeth during computer-simulated mastication.
Material and methods. The study was carried out using the finite element method (FEM). A three-dimensional (3D) model of the first mandibular molar and of the crown of the opposing maxillary tooth was created. A food bite was introduced between the antagonistic teeth. The mastication cycle of the bolus was computer-simulated. The equivalent stress in the enamel and dentin of the mandibular molar was calculated according to the modified von Mises (mvM) criterion.
Results. During the simulated chewing activity, the highest equivalent mvM stress and tensile stress concentrated on the molar enamel around the central groove and the foramen cecum. The value of the equivalent mvM stress was close to the tensile strength of the enamel. According to the mvM criterion, the enamel in these areas was exposed to destruction, which coincided with the occurrence of class I caries.
Conclusions. During mastication, significant tensile and mvM stress concentrates on the mandibular molar enamel around the central groove and the foramen cecum. High stress in these areas may cause prism microfractures and facilitate the bacterial penetration of the enamel.

Key words

finite element analysis, modified von Mises failure criterion, enamel damage, biomechanical causes of caries, simulation of mastication

References (40)

  1. Xia J, Tian ZR, Hua L, et al. Enamel crystallite strength and wear: Nanoscale responses of teeth to chewing loads. J R Soc Interface. 2017;14(135):20170456. doi:10.1098/rsif.2017.0456
  2. Nanci A, ed. Ten Cate’s Oral Histology. Development, Structure, and Function. 9th ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2018:289.
  3. Khanna R, Pandey RK, Singh N. Morphology of pits and fissures reviewed through scanning electron microscope. Dentistry. 2015;5(4):100287. doi:10.4172/2161-1122.1000287
  4. Habelitz S, Marshall SJ, Marshall GW Jr., Balooch M. Mechanical properties of human dental enamel on the nanometre scale. Arch Oral Biol. 2001;46(2):173–183. doi:10.1016/s0003-9969(00)00089-3
  5. Cuy JL, Mann AB, Livi KJ, Teaford MF, Weihs TP. Nanoindentation mapping of the mechanical properties of human molar tooth enamel. Arch Oral Biol. 2002;47(4):281–291. doi:10.1016/s0003-9969(02)00006-7
  6. Alamoush RA, Silikas N, Salim NA, Al-Nasrawi S, Satterthwaite JD. Effect of the composition of CAD/CAM composite blocks on mechanical properties. Biomed Res Int. 2018;2018:4893143. doi:10.1155/2018/4893143
  7. Zaytsev D. Mechanical properties of human enamel under compression: On the feature of calculations. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2016;62:518–523. doi:10.1016/j.msec.2016.02.016
  8. Giannini M, Soares CJ, de Carvalho RM. Ultimate tensile strength of tooth structures. Dent Mater. 2004;20(4):322–329. doi:10.1016/S0109-5641(03)00110-6
  9. Park S, Quinn JB, Romberg E, Arola D. On the brittleness of enamel and selected dental materials. Dent Mater. 2008;24(11):1477–1485. doi:10.1016/j.dental.2008.03.007
  10. Walker BN, Makinson OF, Peters MC. Enamel cracks. The role of enamel lamellae in caries initiation. Aust Dent J. 1998;43(2):110–116. doi:10.1111/j.1834-7819.1998.tb06099.x
  11. Ausiello P, Ciaramella S, Fabianelli A, et al. Mechanical behavior of bulk direct composite versus block composite and lithium disilicate indirect Class II restorations by CAD – FEM modeling. Dent Mater. 2017;33(6):690–701. doi:10.1016/j.dental.2017.03.014
  12. Magne P, Besler UC. Porcelain versus composite inlays/onlays: Effects of mechanical loads on stress distribution, adhesion, and crown flexure. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2003;23(6):543–555. PMID:14703758.
  13. Benazzi S, Nguyen HN, Kullmer O, Kupczik K. Dynamic modelling of tooth deformation using occlusal kinematics and finite element analysis. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(3):e0152663. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0152663
  14. Zienkiewicz OC, Taylor RL. The Finite Element Method. Volume 1: The Basis. 5th ed. Oxford, UK: Butterworth-Heinemann; 2000:87–110.
  15. Ash MM Jr., Nelson SJ. Wheeler’s Dental Anatomy, Physiology, and Occlusion. 8th ed. St. Louis, MO: Saunders/Elsevier; 2003:297–306.
  16. Ziskind D, Hasday M, Cohen SR, Wagner HD. Young’s modulus of peritubular and intertubular human dentin by nano-indentation tests. J Struct Biol. 2011;174(1):23–30. doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2010.09.010
  17. Agrawal KR, Lucas PW, Printz JF, Bruce IC. Mechanical properties of foods responsible for resisting food breakdown in the human mouth. Arch Oral Biol. 1997;42(1):1–9. doi:10.1016/s0003-9969(96)00102-1
  18. Inoue S, Pereira PN, Kawamoto C, et al. Effect of depth and tubule direction on ultimate tensile strength of human coronal dentin. Dent Mater J. 2003;22(1):39–47. doi:10.4012/dmj.22.39
  19. Craig RG, Powers JM, Wataha JC. Dental Materials. Properties and Manipulation. 11th ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 2003:78.
  20. Katona TR. A mathematical analysis of the role of friction in occlusal trauma. J Prosthet Dent. 2001;86(6):636–643. doi:10.1067/mpr.2001.120068
  21. Gibbs CH, Mahan PE, Lundeen HC, Brehnan K, Walsh EK, Holbrook WB. Occlusal forces during chewing and swallowing as measured by sound transmission. J Prost Dent. 1981;46(4):443–449. doi:10.1016/0022-3913(81)90455-8
  22. Rilo B, Fernández-Formoso N, Mora MJ, Cadarso-Suárez C, Santana U. Distance of the contact glide in the closing masticatory stroke during mastication of three types of food. J Oral Rehabil. 2009;36(8):571–576. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2842.2009.01956.x
  23. De Groot R, Peters MC, De Haan YM, Dop GJ, Plasschaert AJ. Failure stress criteria for composite resin. J Dent Res. 1987;66(12):1748–1752. doi:10.1016/0022-3913(81)90455-8
  24. Panitvisai P, Messer HH. Cuspal deflection in molars in relation to endodontic and restorative procedures. J Endod. 1995;21(2):57–61. doi:10.1016/s0099-2399(06)81095-2
  25. Orchardson R, Cadden SW. Mastication and swallowing: 1. Functions, performance and mechanisms. Dent Update. 2009;36(6):327–330,332–334,337. doi:10.12968/denu.2009.36.6.327
  26. Benazzi S, Kullmer O, Grosse IR, Weber GW. Using occlusal wear information and finite element analysis to investigate stress distributions in human molars. J Anat. 2011;219(3):259–272. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2011.01396.x
  27. Magne P, Belser UC. Rationalization of shape and related stress distribution in posterior teeth: A finite element study using nonlinear contact analysis. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2002;22(5):425–433. PMID:12449302.
  28. Wan B, Shahmoradi M, Zhang Z, et al. Modelling of stress distribution and fracture in dental occlusal fissures. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):4682. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-41304-z
  29. Ricucci D, Siqueira JF Jr., Loghin S, Berman LH. The cracked tooth: Histopathologic and histobacteriologic aspects. J Endod. 2015;41(3):343–352. doi:10.1016/j.joen.2014.09.021
  30. Khvostenko D, Salehi S, Naleway SE, et al. Cyclic mechanical loading promotes bacterial penetration along composite restoration marginal gaps. Dent Mater. 2015;31(6):702–710. doi:10.1016/j.dental.2015.03.011
  31. Ferracane JL. Models of caries formation around dental composite restorations. J Dent Res. 2017;96(4):364–371. doi:10.1177/0022034516683395
  32. Pitts NB, Zero DT, Marsh PD, et al. Dental caries. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2017;3:17030. doi:10.1038/nrdp.2017.30
  33. Carvalho JC, Dige I, Machiulskiene V, et al. Occlusal caries: Biological approach for its diagnosis and management. Caries Res. 2016;50(6):527–542. doi:10.1159/000448662
  34. Mejàre I, Axelsson S, Dahlén G, et al. Caries risk assessment. A systematic review. Acta Odontol Scand. 2014;72(2):81–91. doi:10.3109/00016357.2013.822548
  35. Hopcraft MS, Morgan MV. Pattern of dental caries experience on tooth surfaces in an adult population. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2006;34(3):174–183. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.2006.00270.x
  36. Carvalho JC. Caries process on occlusal surfaces: Evolving evidence and understanding. Caries Res. 2014;48(4):339–346. doi:10.1159/000356307
  37. Ekstrand KR, Bjørndal L. Structural analyses of plaque and caries in relation to the morphology of the groove-fossa system on erupting mandibular third molars. Caries Res. 1997;31(5):336–348. doi:10.1159/000262416
  38. Wieckiewicz M, Zietek M, Nowakowska D, Wieckiewicz W. Comparison of selected kinematic facebows applied to mandibular tracing. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:818694. doi:10.1155/2014/818694
  39. Ren X, Son K, Lee KB. Accuracy of proximal and occlusal contacts of single implant crowns fabricated using different digital scan methods: An in vitro study. Materials (Basel). 2021;14(11):2843. doi:10.3390/ma14112843
  40. Raszewski Z, Kulbacka J, Nowakowska-Toporowska A. Mechanical properties, cytotoxicity, and fluoride ion release capacity of bioactive glass-modified methacrylate resin used in three-dimensional printing technology. Materials (Basel). 2022;15(3):1133. doi:10.3390/ma15031133
© Wroclaw Medical University